Kumapeto kwa mliri wapadziko lonse lapansi, bizinesi yatsopano yogulitsa malonda yakula mwachangu, nthawi yomweyo, kuchulukitsitsa kwa kayendetsedwe ka magalimoto kwalimbikitsidwa, kulowetsedwa kwazinthu zatsopano zawonjezeka, ndipo magalimoto onyamula katundu padziko lonse lapansi ayambiranso kukula. . Makampani opanga zomangamanga padziko lonse lapansi ndi okhazikika, kufunikira konyamula zida zauinjiniya nthawi zina kumakwera ndipo nthawi zina kumatsika, ndipo magalimoto olemera padziko lonse lapansi amayambiranso chitukuko.
Choyamba, kupezeka kwa zida zopangira ndikwanira, ndipo chiyembekezo chakukula kwamakampani amagalimoto ndi otakata
Magalimoto, omwe amadziwikanso kuti magalimoto, nthawi zambiri amatchedwa magalimoto, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri kunyamula katundu, ndipo nthawi zina amatchula magalimoto omwe amatha kukoka magalimoto ena, omwe ali m'gulu la magalimoto ogulitsa. Magalimoto amatha kugawidwa m'magalimoto ang'onoang'ono, opepuka, apakatikati, olemera komanso olemera kwambiri malinga ndi kuchuluka kwawo, komwe magalimoto opepuka ndi magalimoto olemera ndi mitundu iwiri ikuluikulu yamagalimoto akunja. Mu 1956, fakitale yoyamba ya Magalimoto ku China ku Changchun, m'chigawo cha Jilin, idapanga galimoto yoyamba yapakhomo ku New China - Jiefang CA10, yomwe inalinso galimoto yoyamba ku New China, ndikutsegula njira yopangira magalimoto ku China. Pakalipano, njira zopangira magalimoto ku China zimayamba kukhwima, kapangidwe kake kamakhala komveka pang'onopang'ono, kusinthidwa kukukulirakulira, magalimoto aku China adayamba kulowa msika wamayiko ambiri, ndipo makampani amagalimoto akhala amodzi mwamafakitale ofunikira kwambiri mdziko la China. chuma.
Kumtunda kwa makampani agalimoto ndi zida zopangira ndi mphamvu zopangira zopangira magalimoto, kuphatikiza zitsulo, mapulasitiki, zitsulo zopanda chitsulo, mphira, ndi zina zotere, zomwe zimapanga chimango, kufala, injini ndi magawo ena ofunikira kugwira ntchito kwa magalimoto. Mphamvu yonyamula magalimoto ndi yamphamvu, ntchito za injini ndizokwera, injini ya dizilo yofananira ndi mphamvu ya injini ya petulo ndiyokulirapo, kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ndikotsika, kumatha kukwaniritsa zosowa zamagalimoto amagalimoto, motero magalimoto ambiri ndi dizilo. injini monga gwero la mphamvu, koma magalimoto ena opepuka amagwiritsanso ntchito mafuta, gasi wamafuta kapena gasi. Kufika pakati ndi opanga magalimoto athunthu, ndipo opanga magalimoto odziyimira okha aku China akuphatikizapo China First Automobile Group, China Heavy Duty Automobile Group, SHACMAN heavy truck Manufacturing, etc. Downstream for the transportation industry, including cargo transportation, malasha mayendedwe, express logistics transportation. ndi zina zotero.
Voliyumu ya galimotoyo ndi yaikulu, kupanga ndi zovuta, ndipo zipangizo zake zazikulu ndi zitsulo ndi zipangizo zina zitsulo apamwamba ndi kuuma mkulu, kukana kutentha ndi kukana dzimbiri, kuti amange katundu galimoto ndi moyo wautali ndi ntchito yabwino. Ndi kukula kosalekeza kwa chuma chambiri, zopanga, zomanga ndi mafakitale aku China zikupitilizabe kukula, kulimbikitsa kukula kofulumira kwa zitsulo zopanga zitsulo, ndikukhala mphamvu yapadziko lonse lapansi yopanga zitsulo ndi malonda. Mu 2021-2022, zomwe zakhudzidwa ndi "mliri watsopano wa coronavirus", chuma chonse cha China chatsika, ntchito zomanga zayima, ndipo makampani opanga zinthu ayamba kutsika, kotero kuti mtengo wogulitsa zitsulo wagwa "pamtunda", ndi zina zachinsinsi. mabizinesi adafinyidwa ndi msika, ndipo magwiridwe antchito atsika. Mu 2022, kupanga zitsulo ku China kunali matani 1.34 biliyoni, kuwonjezeka kwa 0.27%, ndipo chiwongoladzanja chinachepa. Mu 2023, pofuna kulimbikitsa kukula kwachuma ndikusintha momwe zinthu ziliri m'makampani, boma limapereka mfundo zingapo zothandizira kuti zitsimikizire kuti mafakitale oyambira akugwira ntchito, kuyambira kotala lachitatu la 2023, kupanga zitsulo ku China kunali matani biliyoni 1.029. , kuwonjezeka kwa 6.1%. Kupanga zinthu zopangira kuti kuyambirenso kukula, kupezeka kwa msika ndi kufunikira kumakonda kukhazikika, mtengo wonse wazogulitsa ukutsika, kuthandizira ndalama zopangira magalimoto kuti ziwongoleredwe bwino, kukonza bwino chuma chamakampani, kukopa ndalama zambiri, kukulitsa gawo la msika wamafakitale.
Poyerekeza ndi magalimoto wamba, magalimoto amawononga mphamvu zambiri ndikupanga mphamvu zambiri kuchokera ku kuyaka kwa dizilo, zomwe zimathandizira kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu panthawi yagalimoto. M'zaka zaposachedwa, zomwe zakhudzidwa ndi zochitika zapadziko lonse lapansi, mayiko ena amakhala ndi vuto lamagetsi pafupipafupi, mitengo yamafuta osakanizidwa padziko lonse lapansi ikukwera, ndipo makampani amagalimoto aku China akukula mwachangu, kugwiritsa ntchito magetsi m'nyumba ndi m'mafakitale kukupitilira kukula, kufunikira kwa msika wa dizilo kukukulirakulira, komanso kukulirakulira. kudalira kunja. Pofuna kuchepetsa kusamvana pakati pa kupezeka kwa dizilo ndi kufunikira, dziko la China lachita khama kuti liwonjezere kusungirako ndi kupanga zinthu zamafuta ndi gasi ndikuwonjezera kupezeka kwa dizilo. Mu 2022, kupanga dizilo ku China kudzafika matani 191 miliyoni, kuwonjezeka kwa 17,9%. Pofika kotala lachitatu la 2023, kupanga dizilo ku China kunali matani 162 miliyoni, kuwonjezeka kwa 20,8% panthawi yomweyi mu 2022, kukula kwachulukira, ndipo zotsatira zake zili pafupi ndi kupanga dizilo pachaka mu 2021. Zotsatira za dizilo pakuchulukirachulukira kwa kupanga, sizingakwaniritse zomwe msika ukufunikira. Kugulitsa dizilo ku China kukadali kokwera. Pofuna kukwaniritsa zofunikira za chitukuko chokhazikika cha dziko, gwero la mafuta a dizilo pang'onopang'ono lasintha kukhala mphamvu zowonjezereka monga biodiesel ndikuwonjezera gawo lake pamsika. Nthawi yomweyo, magalimoto aku China pang'onopang'ono adalowa m'munda wamagetsi atsopano, ndipo adazindikira kale magalimoto olemera amagetsi kapena mafuta ophatikizika amafuta osakanizidwa pamsika kuti akwaniritse zosowa za msika wamtsogolo.
Kukula kwa chitukuko cha mafakitale chatsika, ndipo mphamvu zatsopano zalowa pang'onopang'ono m'makampani a magalimoto
M'zaka zaposachedwa, China yalimbikitsa kwambiri kukula kwa mizinda, kukwera kwa bizinesi ya e-commerce, katundu ayenera kutengedwa mwachangu komanso moyenera pakati pa zigawo zosiyanasiyana, ndikuyendetsa kufunikira kwa msika wamagalimoto aku China. Msika wamalonda ukupitilirabe kutentha, kukula kwa kufunikira kwa mphamvu kukuwonekera, ndipo kukula kwamakampani opanga magalimoto ndi zoyendera kumayendetsa kwambiri chitukuko chamakampani amagalimoto, ndipo mu 2020, kupanga magalimoto aku China kudzakhala mayunitsi 4.239 miliyoni, kuwonjezeka. za 20%. Mu 2022, kuchulukira kwa ndalama zosasunthika kukuchepa, msika wogula m'nyumba ndi wofooka, ndipo miyezo yapagalimoto yadziko lonse imasinthidwa, zomwe zidapangitsa kuchepa kwa liwiro la katundu wapamsewu ku China komanso kuchepa kwa kufunikira kwa katundu wamagalimoto. Kuphatikiza apo, zokhudzidwa ndi kukwera kwamitengo yapadziko lonse lapansi, mtengo wazinthu zopangira zopangira zinthu ukupitilira kukwera, kuchepa kwapangidwe kwa tchipisi todzipanga tokha kukupitilirabe, mabizinesi akuphwanyidwa ndi misika yogulitsa ndi kutsatsa, ndipo kukula kwa msika wamagalimoto kumakhala kochepa. Mu 2022, kupanga magalimoto aku China kunali mayunitsi 2.453 miliyoni, kutsika ndi 33.1% pachaka. Kumapeto kwa kutsekeka kwa mliri wapadziko lonse lapansi, bizinesi yatsopano yogulitsa malonda yakula mwachangu, nthawi yomweyo, kuchulukitsitsa kwa kayendetsedwe ka magalimoto kwalimbikitsidwa, kuchuluka kwazinthu zatsopano zakwera, ndipo magalimoto aku China onyamula katundu ayambiranso kukula. Komabe, kugwa kwamakampani opanga zomangamanga komanso kuchepa kwa kufunikira konyamula zida zauinjiniya kwachepetsa kuchira ndi chitukuko cha magalimoto olemera aku China. Pofika kotala lachitatu la 2023, kupanga magalimoto aku China kunali mayunitsi 2.453 miliyoni, kukwera 14.3% kuyambira nthawi yomweyi mu 2022.
Kukula kwathunthu kwamakampani amagalimoto kumalimbikitsa kukula kwachuma ku China, pomwe kumathandizira kuwonongeka kwa chilengedwe ku China, komanso mpweya wabwino m'malo otukuka kwambiri ukupitilirabe kutsika, zomwe zikuwopseza thanzi la anthu okhalamo. Pofuna kukwaniritsa kukhalirana kogwirizana kwa munthu ndi chilengedwe, dziko la China lagwiritsa ntchito njira ya "carbon double", posintha dongosolo la mphamvu, kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zoyera m'malo mwa mphamvu zowonongeka, kupititsa patsogolo chuma cha carbon chochepa, ndikuchotsa chitukuko chachuma cha China. kudalira mphamvu zamagetsi zomwe zimatumizidwa kunja, motero, magalimoto amagetsi atsopano akhala malo owala kwambiri pamsika wamagalimoto. Mu 2022, malonda atsopano a magalimoto aku China adakwera ndi 103% pachaka mpaka mayunitsi 99,494; Kuyambira Januwale mpaka Epulo 2023, malinga ndi ziwerengero za China Automobile Circulation Association, kuchuluka kwa malonda a magalimoto atsopano amphamvu ku China kunali 24,107, kuwonjezeka kwa 8% nthawi yomweyo mu 2022. Makhadi ang'onoang'ono amphamvu aku China ndi magalimoto opepuka adapangidwa kale, ndipo magalimoto olemera adakula mwachangu. Kukwera kwachuma choyenda m'matauni komanso kutsika kwachuma kwachulukitsa kufunikira kwa makhadi ang'onoang'ono ndi magalimoto opepuka, ndipo magalimoto opepuka amagetsi atsopano monga magalimoto amagetsi ndi ma hybrid ndi otsika mtengo kuposa magalimoto achikhalidwe, kupititsa patsogolo kuchuluka kwa magalimoto opepuka amagetsi atsopano. Pofika kotala lachitatu la 2023, kuchuluka kwa malonda a magalimoto opepuka atsopano ku China kunali mayunitsi 26,226, kuwonjezeka kwa 50,42%. Ndi kusintha kwapang'onopang'ono kwa kagwiritsidwe ntchito ka mphamvu zatsopano, njira yosinthira magetsi "yolekanitsa magetsi" imathandizira mayendedwe, imachepetsa mtengo wogwiritsa ntchito mafuta, komanso imalimbikitsa kugulitsa pamsika wamagalimoto onyamula mphamvu zapamwamba kwambiri. Pofika kotala lachitatu la 2023, malonda atsopano aku China olemetsa magalimoto adakwera 29,73% pachaka mpaka mayunitsi 20,127, ndipo kusiyana kwa magalimoto owunikira magetsi atsopano kudachepa pang'onopang'ono.
Kukula kwa msika wonyamula katundu kukupitilira kuyenda bwino, ndipo makampani amagalimoto akulowera kunzeru
Mu 2023, chuma cha mayendedwe ku China chidzapitilirabe bwino, ndikuwongolera koonekeratu kotala lachitatu. Kuyenda kwa anthu m'madera osiyanasiyana kwadutsa nthawi yomweyi mliriwu usanachitike, kuchuluka kwa katundu ndi katundu wapa doko zakhala zikuchulukirachulukira, ndipo kuchuluka kwa ndalama zogulira katundu wokhazikika kwakhalabe kwakukulu, kupereka chithandizo chamayendedwe kuti chiwongolere bwino. Chuma cha China. Pofika kotala lachitatu la 2023, kuchuluka kwa zonyamula katundu ku China kunali matani 40.283 biliyoni, kuwonjezeka kwa 7.1% panthawi yomweyi mu 2022. Pakati pawo, mayendedwe apamsewu ndi njira yachikhalidwe yaku China yoyendera, poyerekeza ndi zoyendera njanji, mtengo wamayendedwe apamsewu ndi otsika kwambiri, komanso kufalikira kwakukulu, ndiye njira yayikulu yoyendera pamtunda ku China. M'magawo atatu oyambirira a 2023, kuchuluka kwa zonyamula katundu ku China kunali matani 29.744 biliyoni, kuwerengera 73,84% ya kuchuluka kwa zoyendera, kuwonjezeka kwa 7.4%. Pakalipano, chitukuko cha kudalirana kwachuma padziko lonse lapansi chikuwonjezeka, kukula kwa msika wodutsa malire akupitirira kukula, nthawi yomweyo, msewu waukulu wa China, msewu wa dziko, ndondomeko yomanga misewu yachigawo ikupita patsogolo, intaneti ya zinthu, teknoloji ya digito. pomanga misewu yanzeru, kuti athandizire kukula kwa msika wonyamula katundu ku China, kufunikira kwa magalimoto kukukulirakulira.
Kutuluka kwa matekinoloje atsopano ndi ntchito zatsopano zikusintha momwe msika wonyamula katundu ukuyendera, ndi matekinoloje omwe akubwera monga ukadaulo woyendetsa pawokha, intaneti ya Zinthu ndi luntha lochita kupanga lothandizira kuyendetsa magalimoto, kuwongolera kwambiri kayendedwe kabwino ndi chitetezo, ndikuchepetsa mtengo wogwirira ntchito. Ndi mpikisano woopsa pamayendedwe oyendetsa magalimoto komanso njira yotukula mafakitale pang'onopang'ono, mabizinesi otsogola m'makampaniwo ayamba kukhazikitsa njira monga kuyendetsa pawokha komanso kuyendetsa mosayendetsedwa ndi anthu kuti apititse patsogolo mpikisano wosiyana. Malinga ndi kampani yofufuza zamsika ya Countpoint, msika wamagalimoto osayendetsa padziko lonse lapansi udafika $9.85 biliyoni mu 2019, ndipo akuyembekezeka kuti pofika 2025, msika wamagalimoto osayendetsa padziko lonse lapansi ufika $55.6 biliyoni. Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 21, makampani ambiri padziko lonse lapansi adayambitsa mtundu woyamba wa magalimoto osayendetsa, ndipo adagwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa pazinthu zingapo zogwiritsira ntchito monga kuchuluka kwa magalimoto, kuyeserera ngozi, ndi magawo ovuta. Magalimoto osayendetsa amasanthula momwe msewu ulili kudzera pa makina owonera, kugwiritsa ntchito cloud computing kukonza njira, ndikugwiritsa ntchito luntha lochita kupanga kuwongolera galimotoyo kuti ifike komwe ikupita, komwe ndiukadaulo wosokoneza wamagalimoto.
M'zaka zaposachedwapa, SHACMAN katundu galimoto kupanga, FAW Jiefang, Sany Heavy Makampani ndi mabizinezi ena kutsogolera kupitiriza kuyesetsa m'munda wa magalimoto wanzeru ndi ubwino luso, ndi inertia wa magalimoto mu ndondomeko ya mayendedwe galimoto ndi lalikulu, nthawi yotchinga. ndi yayitali, njira yaukadaulo yanzeru ndi yayikulu, ndipo ntchitoyo imakhala yovuta kwambiri. Malinga ndi ziwerengero zosakwanira, dziko la China lapeza ntchito zoposa 50 zopanda dalaivala za migodi, kuphimba migodi yopanda malasha, migodi yazitsulo ndi zina, komanso kuyendetsa magalimoto oposa 300. Mayendedwe amagalimoto opanda madalaivala m'malo amigodi amathandizira kuti ntchito zamigodi zitheke bwino ndikuwonetsetsa chitetezo cha ogwira ntchito kumigodi, ndipo kuchuluka kwaukadaulo wosayendetsa magalimoto m'makampani amagalimoto kupititsidwa patsogolo mtsogolo, kulimbikitsa chitukuko chapamwamba chamakampani.
Nthawi yotumiza: Oct-12-2023
