Patha zaka khumi kuchokera pamene "lamba ndi msewu" adayamba kutsegulidwa mu 2013. Zaka 10 zapitazi, China, monga gawo lochita bwino komanso gawo la mapulani oyenda padziko lonse lapansi.
"Lamba ndi mseu" Wotsogolera, ndi dzina la lamba wa silika komanso lamba wa misewu ya zaka 212. Njirayi imafanana ndi mabungwe oposa 100 ndi mabungwe apadziko lonse ku Asia, Africa, Europe ndi Latin America, ndipo imakhudza kwambiri malonda apadziko lonse lapansi, ndipo imakhudzanso malonda.
Zaka 10 ndi chiyambi chabe, ndipo tsopano ndi mfundo yatsopano, ndipo ndi mwayi wanji wanyumba yaku China idzatsegulidwa kunja kwa "lamba ndi mseu" wathu.
Yang'anani pamagawo otsatirawa panjira
Magalimoto ndi zida zofunikira zomanga zachuma ndi chitukuko chachuma, ndikuchita gawo lofunikira pakulimbikitsa "lamba ndi msewu" woyambitsa. Ngakhale ambiri amapangidwa ndi "lamba ndi mseu" woyambitsa, malo ogulitsa magalimoto ali otsika, ndipo magalimoto achi China amakhala ndi magwiridwe antchito. M'zaka zaposachedwa, yasanduliza zotsatira zabwino kwambiri ku kunja kwa kunja.
Malinga ndi zomwe zili zofunikira za miyambo, 2019 isanachitike, kutumiza magalimoto olemera kunali kokhazikika pafupifupi magalimoto pafupifupi 80,000-90,000, ndipo mu 2020, kukhudzidwa kwa mliriwu udachepa kwambiri. Mu 2021, kugulitsa magalimoto olemera kunayamba kufika pamagalimoto okwana 140.6% chaka chimodzi, ndipo mu 2022, kuchuluka kwa magalimoto ogulitsa kunapitilira kukwera mpaka 35.4% chaka chimodzi. Kugulitsa kunja kwa magalimoto olemera kwafika pa mayunitsi 157,000, kuchuluka kwa chaka cha 111.8%, chomwe chikuyembekezeka kufika pamlingo watsopano.
Kuchokera pakuwona gawo la msika mu 2022, msika wogulitsa katundu waku Asia adafika pamagawo a 66,500, omwe Vietnam, omwe Iippines, Uzbekistan, A Mongolia ndi Otumiza Akuluakulu Akuluakulu ku China.
Msika wa ku Africa adalembanso magalimoto, omwe ali kunja kwa magalimoto opitilira 50,000, omwe Nigeria, Tanzania, Zambia, Coro, South Africa ndi Misika ina yayikulu.
Ngakhale msika waku Europe ndiocheperako poyerekeza ndi misika yaku Asia ndi Amiyuni, ikuwonetsa kukula mwachangu. Kuphatikiza pa zaku Russia zomwe zakhudzidwa ndi zinthu zapadera, kuchuluka kwa magalimoto olemera ochokera ku China ndi mayiko ena a ku Europenso mpaka 14,200 maenjewa, ku Belgium, mathiramu ena akuluakulu. Izi zimapangitsa kuti "lamba ndi mseu" woyambitsa, womwe walimbitsa mgwirizano wachuma ndi mayiko a ku Europe pakati pa mayiko ku China ndi mayiko a ku Europe.
Kuphatikiza apo, mu 2022, China chotumizidwa kunja kwa magalimoto olemetsa 12,979 kupita ku South America, akuwerengera 61.3% ya kutumiza kwathunthu ku America, ndipo msika udawonetsa kukula.
Kutengedwa limodzi, zomwe zaperekedwa kwa kunja kwa magalimoto ku China zikuwonetsa zochitika zotsatirazi: Nthawi yomweyo, kukula kwa msika wa ku Europe kumaperekanso mwayi kwatsopano kwa galimoto yolemera ya China kuti iwonjezere msika wapadziko lonse.
M'tsogolomu, ndikulimbikitsa "lamba ndi mseu" woyambitsa komanso kusinthasintha kwamitundu yolemera ya China, ikuyembekezeka kuti kutumiza kwa magalimoto ku China kumapitilirabe kukula.
Malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa zaka 10 za magalimoto achi China komanso njira yachitukuko ndi mwayi wamtsogolo "lamba wamtsogolo" kuwunika, kuwunika kwa magalimoto aku China kupita kunja:
1. Mayendedwe Ogulitsa: Kukula kwa "lamba ndi mseu" Komabe, poganizira za mitundu yosiyanasiyana yamisika yakunja, mabizinesi aku China amafunika kukonza mosalekeza kuti zinthu zizitha kugwira ntchito, komanso kusinthana zitangogulitsa pambuyo pake kukwaniritsa zosowa za mayiko ndi zigawo zosiyanasiyana.
2. Mwanjira imeneyi, titha kusintha bwino malo amsika wakomweko, kusintha mpikisano wamsika, komanso sangalalani ndi maubwino komanso othandizira am'deralo.
3. Tsatirani kunja kwa mapulojekiti akuluakulu adziko lonse: pansi pa kukwezedwa kwa "lamba ndi msewu", ambiri ogwira ntchito zomangamanga zidzachitika kutsidya lina. Makampani aku China amatha kugwirira ntchito makampani omangawa kuti atsatire ntchitoyi kunyanja ndikupereka ntchito zoyendera. Izi zitha kukwaniritsa kunja kwa magalimoto, komanso kuonetsetsa kuti mabizinesi ankhondo.
4. Pita kunja kwa njira zamalonda: Ndi Kuzindikira kwa mgwirizano wamalonda pakati pa mayiko ndi mabizinesi ang'onoang'ono " Nthawi yomweyo, imatha kukulitsa chidziwitso cha mtundu ndi chisonkhezero potenga nawo mbali pazinthu zapadziko lonse lapansi ndi njira zina zopangira mwayi wambiri wopita kutsidya lina.
Mwambiri, kayendetsedwe ka magalimoto aku China kupita kutsidya kwa aku China kudzapangidwanso komanso kumangidwa, ndipo mabizinesi amafunika kusankha njira yoyenera malinga ndi zomwe akuchita. Nthawi yomweyo, kukwezedwa kwa "lamba ndi msewu", mabizinesi aku China "adzayambitsa mwayi wochuluka ndi zovuta, ndipo ayenera kukonza mpikisano wawo komanso umunthu wawo.
Mu Seputembara chaka chino, atsogoleri a gulu lachilendo la China adayamba ulendo wophunzirira kupita kumayiko a Middle East, akufuna kugwirizanitsa mgwirizano, ndikulimbikitsa kusanja kwa ntchito zomangamanga, komanso kulimbikitsa kusinthana kwa ntchito zomanga thupi. Kusunthaku kumawonetsa kwambiri gulu la magalimoto otsogozedwa ndi Shaanxi magalimoto amavutitsa kwambiri ndipo ali ndi mtima wofunitsitsa kukulitsa mwayi watsopano mu "lamba ndi msewu".
Mu mawonekedwe a maulendo ammunda, akumvetsetsa bwino zofunikira za zosowa za Middle East, zomwe zimawonetsa bwino kuti atsogoleri a Middle East ali ndi chiyembekezo chabwino ndikupeza "njira ndi msewu" woyambitsa. Chifukwa chake, iwo amatulutsa mwachangu, kudzera mu mafakitale a mafakitale ndi njira zina zothandizira kukonzanso mtundu ndi mpikisano, chifukwa cha malonda aku China ku Middle East Hertum.
"Lamba ndi msewu" walowa m'nthawi yatsopano, yomwe iyenera kubweretsa mwayi wabwino wopita kumagalimoto, koma tiyenera kuzindikiranso bwino kuti zinthu zomwe zikuchitika padziko lonse lapansi ndizovuta, ndipo padakali chipinda chogwirira ntchito ndi ntchito.
Timakhulupilira kuti kuti tigwiritse ntchito bwino zenera latsopanoli, tiyenera kulabadira mbali zotsatirazi.
1. Samalani kusintha kwa zinthu zapadziko lonse lapansi: Zinthu zapadziko lonse lapansi zakhala zosatsimikizika ndi zosinthika, monga Russia-Uksia-Ukria-Ukraine Nkhondo Yaku East East. Kusintha kwandale izi kumatha kukhala ndi vuto la magalimoto ogulitsa magalimoto ambiri, kotero mabizinesi olemera aku China amafunika kuyang'anitsitsa kusintha kwa zinthu zapadziko lonse lapansi ndikusintha njira zomwe zingatheke.
2. Kupititsa patsogolo ntchito ndi kugulitsa nthawi yomweyo: Pofuna kupewa maphunziro amoto a ku Vietnam a Vietnam Inland kuti athe kuwonjezera malonda poyang'ana kwambiri. Izi zimaphatikizapo kulimbikitsa kulimbikitsa ntchito yogulitsa, kuthandizirana ndi akatswiri komanso kukonza maluso, komanso kumanga ubale wapafupi ndi ogulitsa madera omwe ali ndi mwayi wowonjezera mbiri ndi kasitomala.
3. Kupanga Zinthu Mwachangu ndikusintha Makhalidwe Akunja M'masika Akunja: Kuti mukwaniritse bwino msika wamayiko ndi madera olemera, mabizinesi agalimoto aku China amafunika kusintha zinthu zakugalimoto kumisika yakunja. Mwachitsanzo, Shaanxi, a Shaanxi, mwachitsanzo, amaganizira kwambiri zofunikira zapadera za dera la Ukombqi. Mabizinesi amafunika kumvetsetsa bwino zomwe zili pamsika wa zomwe mukufuna, kufufuza kafukufuku ndi chitukuko ndi kusintha kwa zinthu kuti akwaniritse zosowa zenizeni zakomweko.
4. Gwiritsani ntchito bwino mayendedwe a tir ndi ma trace-comrew-componse-molakwika: pansi pa kukwezedwa kwa "lamba ndi mseu" Mabizinesi achi China olemera aku China amafunika kugwiritsa ntchito bwino malo abwinowa kuti alimbitse malonda ndi mayiko oyandikana nawo. Nthawi yomweyo, ndikofunikira kusamala kwambiri ndi kusintha kwa mapulogalamu apadziko lonse lapansi kuti asinthe njira zapakhomo ndikugwiritsa ntchito njira zambiri bizinesi.
Nina akuti:
Motsogozedwa ndi "lamba ndi msewu" mu nthawi yatsopano, mayiko omwe akutukuka m'njira amagwira ntchito mogwirizana ndi zomangamanga pakumanga, kusinthana kwachuma ndi malonda ena. Izi sizongopereka mwayi wina wamalonda aku China omwe amatumizidwa kunja, komanso amapanganso mikhalidwe yopindulitsa ndikupeza zotsatira zopambana kwa mayiko onse. Munjira iyi, mabizinesi olemera achi China amafunika kupitilizabe kuchitika nthawi zina, ndikukulitsa misika yakunja, ndikusintha mtundu. Nthawi yomweyo, ndikofunikira kuyang'ana kwambiri zatsopano ndi kusinthana kuti muzolowere kusintha msika ndi zigawo zosiyanasiyana.
Panjira yopita kunyanja, mabizinesi olemera achi China amafunika kulabadira kuphatikiza ndi chitukuko chamsika wam'deralo. Ndikofunikira kukulitsa mgwirizano ndi mabizinesi am'deralo, kulimbikitsa kusinthana kwaukadaulo ndi kuphunzitsa kwa ogwira ntchito, ndikukwaniritsa zopindulitsa ndikupambana. Nthawi yomweyo, ndikofunikira kusamala ndi kukwaniritsidwa kwa udindo wapadera wamabungwe, nawo nawo ntchito munthawi yaumoyo wa komweko, ndikubwezeretsa gulu lakomweko.
M'malingaliro a "lamba ndi msewu", kugulitsa katundu wa ku China kwa China ndikukumana ndi mwayi ndi zovuta zomwe sizinachitike. Pokhapokha titakhala ndi nthawi, nthawi zonse, ndikuyang'ana zatsopano ndi kukulitsa ndi kukula ndi msika wapaderawu titha kupirira chitukuko chokhazikika ndikupeza bwino pamsika wapadziko lonse lapansi. Tiyeni tiyembekezere mawa labwino kwambiri kuti ayambe kugulitsa katundu wina!
Post Nthawi: Oct-12-2023
